Exhibition
Phnom Penh - John Vink: Quest for Land

CAMBODIA. Phnom Penh. 16/09/2011: Boeung Kak Lake residents witness the destruction of their belongings. They were evicted after being excluded from a 12.44ha site granted by Prime Minister Hun Sen to some 750 families for on-site relocation © John Vink/ Magnum Photos

CAMBODIA. Phnom Penh. 9/05/2006: Renters waited weeks at Sambok Chap to learn their fate after the eviction of the site © John Vink/ Magnum Photos

CAMBODIA. Phnom Penh. 24/01/2009: Tools of the workers hired to destroy houses during the final eviction of Dey Krahorm © John Vink/ Magnum Photos

CAMBODIA. Oudong (Kandal). 18/12/2009: The bed of a Dey Krahorm tenant, evicted twice in one year, on the piece of land he will be able to claim as his own provided he lives here for five years © John Vink/ Magnum Photos

CAMBODIA. Phnom Penh. 3/11/2010: A house at Boeung Kak Lake disappears under sand pumped into the lake by development company Shukaku Inc © John Vink/ Magnum Photos

CAMBODIA. Phnom Penh. 27/01/2006: A displaced family from Rumchek3 camps in a park in front of Wat Botum pagoda trying to get back their land from the authorities. More than 200 people from across the country were camped here at the same time to protest land theft © John Vink/ Magnum Photos

CAMBODIA. Phnom Penh. 3/01/2012: Evictees from Borei Keila await transportation after the final eviction of the community © John Vink/ Magnum Photos

CAMBODIA. Phnom Penh. 3/01/2001: People work to load a water jar onto a truck. The relocation site 20km outside the capital had no sanitation, and water was brought in by road tankers © John Vink/ Magnum Photos

CAMBODIA. Rokakok. 3/01/2001: Former Bassac residents arrive at the relocation site, Rokakok village, some 20km outside the capital. © John Vink/ Magnum Photos

CAMBODIA. Phnom Penh. 16/09/2011: Inhabitants push back excavators by throwing stones during the eviction of people at Boeung Kak Lake. They had been excluded from 12.44ha land granted by Prime Minister Hun Sen to some 750 families for on-site relocation © John Vink/ Magnum Photos

CAMBODIA. O'Donpov (Battambang). 13/02/2001: Settlers carry the coffin of Mr. Moak Chuen to the cremation site. The number of people killed or injured by mines and other remnants of war has dropped steadily over the years to 211 in 2011 © John Vink/ Magnum Photos

CAMBODIA. Rumchek3 (Oddar Meanchey). 10/01/2006: A man sits in the remains of his house, which was burned down by the authorities. He had been promised land by an NGO called Smiling Disabled People, but was evicted after several months of clearing "his" land © John Vink/ Magnum Photos

CAMBODIA. Phnom Penh. 24/01/2009: Police aim tear gas at head height at the resisting inhabitants of Dey Krahorm during the final eviction © John Vink/ Magnum Photos

CAMBODIA. Damnak Trayoung (Phnom Penh). 3/02/2009: Tenants evicted from Dey Krahorm waiting to be assigned a home promised by 7NG company © John Vink/ Magnum Photos

CAMBODIA. Phnom Penh. 3/01/2012: Residents build a barricade in a failed attempt to prevent the final eviction of the Borei Keila community © John Vink/ Magnum Photos

CAMBODIA. Phnom Penh. 3/01/2012: A policeman throws stones at residents during the final eviction of the Borei Keila community © John Vink/ Magnum Photos

CAMBODIA. Kambol (Phnom Penh). 25/01/2011: Garment workers returning home after their shift © John Vink/ Magnum Photos

CAMBODIA. Phnom Bat, Oudong (Kandal). 5/01/2012: Spilled rice grains at the relocation site for 120 families evicted from Borei Keila. The Phanimex company provided 25kg of rice to those permitted to stay © John Vink/ Magnum Photos

CAMBODIA. Phnom Penh. 11/11/2010: Policemen protect government officials measuring the homes of Boeung Kak Lake inhabitants who are being forced out of their homes by development company Shukaku Inc © John Vink/ Magnum Photos

CAMBODIA. Damnak Trayoung (Phnom Penh). 3/02/2009: Evicted tenants from Dey Krahorm waiting to be assigned a home as promised by 7NG company © John Vink/ Magnum Photos
CAMBODIA. Phnom Penh. 16/09/2011: Boeung Kak Lake residents witness the destruction of their belongings. They were evicted after being excluded from a 12.44ha site granted by Prime Minister Hun Sen to some 750 families for on-site relocation © John Vink/ Magnum Photos
Among the first things I photographed when I decided to move to Cambodia in 2000 was a demonstration by a small group of people in front of the National Assembly. It was obvious that these weren’t “city people.” They were people who had been evicted from their land and who had come to seek parliamentary support in reclaiming their property. I was hooked... That would be the beginning of eleven years of work dealing with land issues. The war, the atrocities of the Khmer Rouge genocide, the civil war: it all seemed so distant twenty-one years after the fall of the Khmer Rouge and nine years after the signing of the Peace Accords. But the scars were deep and left many traces, including the disappearance of all land records after Pol Pot abolished property in 1975.
This absence, combined with 2-digit economic growth in the early 2000s brought on by a runaway free market, resulted in a rush for land. In a fledgling democracy where corruption is rampant, the arrogance of the powerful and the power of money have had terrible consequences on the land. In Phnom Penh alone, 10% of the population (150,000 people) were evicted from their land in the past ten years, in most cases without adequate financial compensation. Four million hectares, 22% of the country’s land, was given to private companies as an economic concession. As a result, the people living on those lands often lost their means of income.
Anyway, I found myself faced with a subject similar to what I have photographed for the past forty years, almost always in post-chaotic situations: upheaval, belonging, social injustice, development, reconstruction, life without a voice.
The arrival of the iPad came at the perfect time to present this story. Condensing eleven years of work into a ‘normal’ book would have required me to leave out so much information that is essential to understanding this phenomenon of evictions and the mechanisms that govern it.
The iPad application contains: more than 700 photographs divided into 20 chapters covering not only the evictions themselves, but also their history and consequences; twenty-one thousand words of text (not including captions); soundtracks for the slideshows; and links to reports by NGOs involved in the defense of human rights in Cambodia. Another advantage of ‘Quest for Land’: previous versions will be supplemented free of charge with photographs taken since their release.
So there’s no reason for me to stop documenting these evictions in Cambodia.
John Vink Phnom Penh, Mai 31st, 2012
Links
http://johnvink.com/quest
http://www.johnvink.com/JohnVinkSite/index.html
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